# Pronunciation Guide

Source edition — see contributor credits

Source ID: native-krishna-radha-english:krishna-radha-english-source-page-030
Canonical page: https://radhey.shreyam1008.com.np/read/krishna-radha-english/krishna-radha-english-source-page-030/
Book: Shri Krishna Dwadashi & Shri Radha Trayodashi
Source edition: 24; SHA-256 806017843a3c889849abc7bca94f9ac8160d9b03df4eaea7648bba7862576f25
Source PDF pages: 30–30



<a id="line-1"></a>GUIDE TO HINDI PRONUNCIATION  
<a id="line-2"></a>Vowels  
<a id="line-3"></a>अ a as u in but  
<a id="line-4"></a>आ ā as a in far  
<a id="line-5"></a>इ i as i in pin  
<a id="line-6"></a>ई ī as i in machine  
<a id="line-7"></a>उ u as u in push  
<a id="line-8"></a>ऊ ū as u in union  
<a id="line-9"></a>ऋ ṛi as ri in rich  
<a id="line-10"></a>ए e as a in evade  
<a id="line-11"></a>ऐ ai as in ancient  
<a id="line-12"></a>with stressed ‘ai’  
<a id="line-13"></a>sound  
<a id="line-14"></a>ओ o as o in go  
<a id="line-15"></a>औ au like aura with  
<a id="line-16"></a>fully stressed ‘a’.  
<a id="line-17"></a>Consonants  
<a id="line-18"></a>क k like king, meek  
<a id="line-19"></a>ख kh like khaki  
<a id="line-20"></a>ग g like go, smog  
<a id="line-21"></a>घ gh like ghastly,  
<a id="line-22"></a>gherkin with  
<a id="line-23"></a>stressed ‘h’  
<a id="line-24"></a>च ch like chant,  
<a id="line-25"></a>choose  
<a id="line-26"></a>छ chh like church (h)ill  
<a id="line-27"></a>(spoken  
<a id="line-28"></a>together); chubby.  
<a id="line-29"></a>ज j like jog, join  
<a id="line-30"></a>झ jh as dgeh in  
<a id="line-31"></a>hedgehog  
<a id="line-32"></a>ट ṭ as t in tub  
<a id="line-33"></a>ठ ṭh as th in hot head  
<a id="line-34"></a>ड ḍ as d in dip  
<a id="line-35"></a>ढ ḍh as dh in red head  
<a id="line-36"></a>त t as t in French  
<a id="line-37"></a>matron  
<a id="line-38"></a>थ th as th in ether  
<a id="line-39"></a>द d as th in either  
<a id="line-40"></a>ध dh as dh in Buddha  
<a id="line-41"></a>न n as n in no  
<a id="line-42"></a>प p pas p in pink  
<a id="line-43"></a>फ ph as ph in uphill  
<a id="line-44"></a>ब b as b in boy  
<a id="line-45"></a>भ bh as bh in abhor  
<a id="line-46"></a>म m as m in man  
<a id="line-47"></a>य y like yes, yearn  
<a id="line-48"></a>र r like red, rose  
<a id="line-49"></a>ल l like love, light  
<a id="line-50"></a>व v like vine, voice  
<a id="line-51"></a>श,ष sh like shine,  
<a id="line-52"></a>Shape, and bush  
<a id="line-53"></a>स s like sun, summer  
<a id="line-54"></a>ह h like honey, home  
<a id="line-55"></a>क्ष ksh, or x ज्ञ gya  
<a id="line-56"></a>Nasals  
<a id="line-57"></a>अं (ं) ṅ almost full ‘n’  
<a id="line-58"></a>sound like sing,  
<a id="line-59"></a>ङ and (ँ) ṁ soft ‘n’  
<a id="line-60"></a>sound like going,  
<a id="line-61"></a>ञ ṅ, ण ṇ  
<a id="line-62"></a>ड़ and ढ़ have been  
<a id="line-63"></a>written as d̤ and d̤h  
<a id="line-64"></a>respectively.

Published English and Roman text from the supplied combined Krishna Dwadashi and Radha Trayodashi scan. Krishna verse 6 is absent from this source; the gap remains explicit. Radha numbering restarts at 1 and is kept in its own group. Published translation: Dr. Bageeshwari Devi.

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Unofficial source transcription. Roman transliteration is not an English translation. No missing meanings are generated.